2017年12月11日星期一

去除重複的資料

use strict;
use warnings;
my %hash;
while (<DATA>) {
if (!$hash{$_}) {
print;
$hash{$_} += 1;
}
}

2017年12月6日星期三

gnuplot

* 一些設定說明:

set logscale {x,y}:設定X或Y軸或是兩者為logscale 取消:unset logscale

set xrange [a:b] 設定X軸範圍從a到b(Y軸亦可);若是看不到圖形,可用set autoscale 自動調回

set xlabel "XXX", a,b: 設定X軸的名稱為 XXX (Y軸亦同), 從預設向右移動a,向上移動b
set xlabel "XX" font "Times-Italic,26":設定X軸的名稱為XX,以Times-Italic字型大小26顯示
set xlabel "XX" font "Times-Roman,24":設定X軸的名稱為XX,以Times-Roman字型顯示
set xlabel "XX" textcolor lt 4: 以linetype 4 顯示XX

set title "GGG": 設定圖形標題為GGG

set xtics a: 設定顯示的X軸座標與刻度, 每次增加 a ;在logscale時,預設的設定會沒有小刻度
set xtics a,b: 設定顯示的X軸座標與刻度起始值a,每次增加b
set mxtics a: 顯示X座標軸上的小刻度,每個大刻度間隔除以a的大小顯示一次
set xtics (a,b,c): 設定顯示的X軸座標a ,b ,c 與刻度(Y軸亦同)
set format y "10^{%L}":Y軸的值以10的L次方顯示
set format x "%a.bf": X軸的值以總長a位數,小數點以下b位顯示
set format x "%a.be":以科學記號顯示
set format x "%g":預設顯示
set format x "":不顯示X軸的座標值

set key Q,W Left reverse:將圖示與曲線標題倒過來放在圖上座標(Q,W)處,ex: xy1 +++ ---> +++ xy1

set key spacing D:設定圖示間的寬度增加D倍

set key title "XXX":設定圖示的名稱

set label "SSS" at Q,W:設定SSS這三個字出現在座標(Q,W)處 (網頁上的demo有例子)
set label "XX" textcolor lt 2: 以linetype 2 顯示XX
set arrow from a,b to c,d:從座標(a,b)畫個箭頭到(c,d),編號第一條箭頭 (可用lw,ls改樣式)
set noarrow 1:除去第一號箭頭
set arrow from a,b to c,d nohead:畫沒箭頭的箭頭 (疑?那是啥？就是線啦)

set term postscript (eps) enhanced color:嵌入一些文字外掛並設定輸出為ps或eps

特殊文字的表示法可以在下載的gnuplot程式中找到教學文件或是見PS1

set label "{/Symbol n}={/Italic l}" at Q,W font "Times-Roman,24"
set grid: 在各主要刻度畫出格子
set grid xtics ytics mxtics mytics:在各刻度畫出格子
set grid noxtics x2tics:以上邊的X軸刻度畫出格子(參考實例2)

load "FFF.txt": 載入FFF.txt 中的指令,這是相當好用的畫圖方法,畫錯了只要改檔案重畫就行

PS: 檔案中若是有 # 符號那這一列就不會被讀取

X@^2_{A} : 同時設定某一符號的上下標
set datafile missing "Nan": 不要讀(畫)出字串Nan
plot "data" u 1:(log($4)): 畫data檔案中的第1行為x,第4行取log值為y

    *  實例1：把兩張圖上下疊在一起
       以下為指令:
        set term post eps enh color
        set out "test.ps"
        set multiplot                                      <--進入multiplot模式
        set key 0.5,1 Left reverse                 <--設定圖示座標為(0.5,1)並倒過來
        set key spacing 2
        #Figure 1                                      <--#之後不會被讀取可以用來寫說明
        set xrange [-1:1]
        set yrange [-1:3]
        set xtics (-1,-0.75,-0.5,0.25,0,0.5,1)  <--設定要顯示的X軸座標
        set ytics (-1,-0.5,0,0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5)

set tmar 0 <--因為要把第二張圖貼在第一張上緣,所以上面邊界設為0,但是只有這樣作的話,下面那張會比小,因為下面那張的的座標部份也算在邊界界內,所以最好的方法是將所有的邊界都設為0

        set bmar 0
        set rmar 0
        set lmar 0

        set size 0.7, 0.5         <--設定圖的大小:X軸變為0.7倍 Y軸變0.5倍 (縮小比例可讓圖示標題看起來變大)
        set origin 0.1, 0.0   <--設定圖的原點 0.1,0 (不是圖上的座標而是整個圖的座標),若沒有引入eps功能邊界可能會被切掉,所以原點稍微向右移
        set title "test1" 0,-4 font "Times-Roman,30" <--圖形標題為test1 由原來位置移動(0,-4)到新位置 (0,-4不是圖上座標,是相對原始位置的座標)
        set xla "{/Symbol F^a}" font "Times-Italic,25"
        set yla "{/Symbol S}" font "Times-Roman,25"    <--設定一些符號並改變字型與大小

        plot "abc.txt" u 1:2 w lp ti "{/Symbol n_1}" pt 5   <--以abc.txt檔案中,第一行為X軸,第二行為Y軸<u 1:2>畫出來,並把資料的點標出來且連線<lp>,點的形式是第五種 <pt 5>,曲線的標題為{/Symbol n_1} <ti "{/Symbol n_1}">
        rep "abc.txt" u 1:3 w lp ti "{/Symbol b_2}" pt 7
        #Figure 2
        set size 0.7, 0.5                             <--size 要跟第一張圖一樣才會和稱
        set origin 0.1, 0.5                            <--第二張的原點因為要貼在第一張的上面所以要跟第一張的設定配合
        set bmar 0                                     <--下緣邊界設為0
        set format x ""                                     <--X軸沒有座標顯示
        set ytics (-1,0,0.5,1,2,2.5,3)
        set xla ""                                <--X軸沒有名稱
        set yla "{/Symbol S}" font "Times-Roman,25"
        set title "test2" 0,-4 font "Times-Roman,30"
        plot "abc.txt" u 1:2 w lp ti "{/Symbol n_1}" pt 6
        rep "abc.txt" usi 1:4 w lp ti "{/Symbol b_2_3}" pt 8

rep "abc.txt" w l lt 1 lc rgb "blue" lw 7 <-- linetype=1, linewidth=7,linecolor=blue(4.2版以後)
set nomultiplot <--離開multiplot模式

*實例2：兩個不同Y值的座標軸在同一張圖(參考gnuplot-tips)

      <span style="color: #339966;">set xr [0:2*pi]       
      set yr [-1:1]            <span style="color: #000000;"><--左邊Y軸範圍</span>
      set y2range [0:1]           <span style="color: #000000;"><--右邊Y軸範圍</span>
      plot sin(x)    axis x1y1, \  
             sin(x)**2 axis x1y2 <span style="color: #000000;"> <--畫sin(x)以左邊Y軸當基準,畫sin(x)平方以右邊Y軸當基準</span></span>
      <span style="color: #339966;">set ytics nomirror</span>          <--設定左邊Y的刻度不要鏡射到右邊軸     <span style="color: #339966;"> 
      set y2tics 0, 0.2            <span style="color: #000000;"><--設定Y2的顯示值與刻度       </span></span>

    * 有關含Error bars的作圖：
      http://t16web.lanl.gov/Kawano/gnuplot/datafile-e.html#2dim
      http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo/mgr.html      上面兩個網頁有一些例子與說明
      The number of data column required for data plotting depend on a kind of figure, which is summarized below

Data Format	Column	using	with
(X,Y) data	X Y	1:2	lines, points, steps, linespoints, boxes, etc.
Y has an error of dY	X Y dY	1:2:3	yerrorbars
X has an error of dX	X Y dX	1:2:3	xerrorbars
Y has an error of dY, and X has an error of dX	X Y dX dY	1:2:3:4	xyerrorbars
Y has a range of [Y1,Y2]	X Y Y1 Y2	1:2:3:4	yerrorbars
X has a range of [X1,X2]	X Y X1 X2	1:2:3:4	xerrorbars
Y has a range of [Y1,Y2], and X has a range of [X1,X2]	X Y X1 X2 Y1 Y2	1:2:3:4:5:6	xyerrorbars

   例子：
      plot "abc.txt" usi 1:2:3:4 with yerrorbars              <---第三跟第四行是Y軸上面與下面的數據點值
      plot "abc.txt" usi 1:2:($2+$3):($2-$4) with error <---第三跟第四行是Y軸誤差的上下量
ps: origin作圖只接受誤差量
      plot "abc.txt" usi 1:2:3 with error                           <---Y軸只有一種誤差量

    *  使用Gnuplot來fitting：
   http://www.duke.edu/~hpgavin/gnuplot.html
       參考上述網頁即可以下是主要的指令
      f1(x) = a1*tanh(x/b1)            <--定義要用來fitting的函數與參數
       a1 = 300; b1 = 0.005;            <--猜的a1與b1初始值
        fit f1(x) 'force.dat' using 1:2 via a1, b1  <--fitting

PS1:特殊符號表：

ALPHABET	SYMBOL	ALPHABET	SYMBOL	alphabet	symbol	alphabet	symbol
A	Alpha	N	Nu	a	alpha	n	nu
B	Beta	O	Omicron	b	beta	o	omicron
C	Chi	P	Pi	c	chi	p	pi
D	Delta	Q	Theta	d	delta	q	theta
E	Epsilon	R	Rho	e	epsilon	r	rho
F	Phi	S	Sigma	f	phi	s	sigma
G	Gamma	T	Tau	g	gamma	t	tau
H	Eta	U	Upsilon	h	eta	u	upsilon
I	iota	W	Omega	i	iota	w	omega
K	Kappa	X	Xi	k	kappa	x	xi
L	Lambda	Y	Psi	l	lambda	y	psi
M	Mu	Z	Zeta	m	mu	z	zeta

PS2:各種線與點的顏色跟大小 (下次再補)

gnuplot script

設定
還有更多設定可以自由變換組合，下面提供較為常見的設定
- #: 註解行
- reset: 重新設定
- set term png enhanced font 'Verdana,10': 設定圖片類型
- set output 'runtime.png': 存檔名稱
- set logscale {x,y}: 設定 X 或 Y 軸或是兩者為 logscale
- set xrange [a:b]: 設定 X 軸範圍從 a 到 b (Y 軸亦可);若是看不到圖形,可用 set autoscale 自動調回
- set xlabel "XXX", a,b: 設定 X 軸的名稱為 XXX (Y 軸亦同), 從預設向右移動 a,向上移動 b
- set xlabel "XX" font "Times-Italic,26": 設定X軸的名稱為 XX,以 Times-Italic 字型大小 26
- set title "GGG": 設定圖形標題為 GGG
- set xtics a: 設定顯示的 X 軸座標與刻度, 每次增加 a ;在 logscale 時,預設的設定會沒有小刻度
- set xtics a,b: 設定顯示的 X 軸座標與刻度起始值 a,每次增加 b
- set format y "10^{%L}":Y 軸的值以 10 的 L 次方顯示
- set format x "%a.bf": X 軸的值以總長 a 位數,小數點以下 b 位顯示
- set format x "%a.be": 以科學記號顯示
- set format x "": 不顯示X軸的座標值
- set key Q,W Left reverse: 將圖例與曲線標題倒過來放在圖上座標 (Q,W) 處
- set key spacing D: 設定圖例間的寬度增加 D 倍
- set key title "XXX": 設定圖例的名稱
- set label "SSS" at Q,W: 設定 SSS 這三個字出現在座標(Q,W)處
- set label "XX" textcolor lt 2: 以linetype 2 顯示 XX
- set grid: 在各主要刻度畫出格子

2017年11月21日星期二

grep

grep MB8 client_* | grep Thread | grep parl1 | awk '{print $1}' | sort -u

找出netlist裡面最多R跟C的電路
grep -c "^C" *spi | sed "s#:# #g" | sort -n -r -k 2 | more
grep -c "^R" *spi | sed "s#:# #g" | sort -n -r -k 2 | more

2017年11月15日星期三

Bisection time calculation

#!/usr/bin/perl
$FILE_NAME = $ARGV[0];

open(SearchFile,"<$FILE_NAME");
while(<SearchFile>){
chop $_;
@ary=split("=",$_);
if ($ary[0] eq "CD_p4_t7") {
$CD7 = $ary[1] ;
$CD7f = 1;
}
if ($ary[0] eq "CD_p4_t8") {
$CD8 = $ary[1] ;
$CD8f = 1;
}
if ($ary[0] eq "RETN_p11_t7") {
$RETN7 = $ary[1] ;
$RETN7f = 1;
}
if ($ary[0] eq "RETN_p11_t8") {
$RETN8 = $ary[1] ;
$RETN8f = 1;
}

if ($CD7f eq "1" && $CD8f eq "1" && $RETN7f eq "1" && $RETN8f eq "1") {
$CDtp = (($CD8 + $CD7)/2);
$RETNtp = (($RETN8 + $RETN7)/2);
$Constraint = ($CDtp -$RETNtp);
print "CD time point is $CDtp \n";
print "RETN time point is $RETNtp \n";
print "Alignment time is $Constraint \n";
$CD7f =0; $CD8f =0; $RETN7f=0; $RETN8f=0;
}

}

## Raw data

CD_p4_t7=1.5240779e-08

CD_p4_t8=1.5240939e-08

RETN_p11_t7=4.1999999e-10

RETN_p11_t8=4.9999999e-10

RETN_p11_t7=8.3999996e-13

RETN_p11_t8=9.9999995e-13

CD_p4_t7=1.5555811e-08

CD_p4_t8=1.5635811e-08

RETN_p11_t7=4.1999999e-10

RETN_p11_t8=4.9999999e-10

CD_p4_t7=2.6843051e-10

CD_p4_t8=2.6859051e-10

RETN_p11_t7=1.4861649e-10

RETN_p11_t8=1.4877649e-10

CD_p4_t7=4.1999999e-10

CD_p4_t8=4.9999999e-10

......

## Results

CD time point is 1.5240859e-08

RETN time point is 4.5999999e-10

Alignment time is 1.478085901e-08

CD time point is 1.5595811e-08

RETN time point is 9.19999955e-13

Alignment time is 1.5594891000045e-08

CD time point is 2.6851051e-10

RETN time point is 4.5999999e-10

Alignment time is -1.9148948e-10

C shell scripts

What is a Shell Script?

A shell script is an executable file which contains shell commands. The script acts as a "program" by sequentially executing each command in the file.
Each of the 5 common shells has its own scripting language. There are similarities between the languages, but also differences.
A scripting language consists of control structures, shell commands, expressions and variables.
If a shell script written in a given scripting language must run under the appropriate shell, the first line of the script should specify the shell it must run under. For example, a C shell script should have as the first line:
```
     #!/bin/csh
     
```
Script files should be given "execute" file permission with the chmod command:
```
     chmod u+x myscript
     
```
A simple shell script which will run under any of the 5 shells appears below. This script simply displays a greeting and the date/time. Comments are preceeded with a pound sign (#):
```
     #Simple Script
     #
     echo 'Welcome to the world of script files'
     date
     
```
Begin the Shell Scripts Exercises

Expressions

Expressions are statements, composed of constants, variables and operators, which are evaluated to determine a result. Expressions can be either mathematical or logical.Example 1: Mathematical expression, where "a" and "t" are variables, "3" and "4" are constants, and "=" and "+" are operators.
```
     a  = 3 + 4t
     
```
Example 2: Logical expression, which evaluates to either "true" or "false". The string "exit" is a constant, "var" is a variable, and "(", ")" and "==" are operators.
```
     ($var == exit)
     
```
Shell scripts commonly use expressions. Each shell has its own rules for writing expressions, however.

The C Shell recognizes the following operators, in order of precedence.


     ()       - parenthesis - change order of evaluation
     -        - unary minus/negation
     ~        - one's complement
     !        - logical negation
     %        - remainder
     /        - divide
     *        - multiply
     -        - subtract
     +        - addition
     >>       - shift right
     <<       - shift left
     >        - greater than
     <        - less than
     >=       - greater than or equal
     <=       - less than or equal
     !=       - not equal to (strings)
     ==       - equal to (strings)
     &        - bitwise AND 
     ^        - bitwise exclusive OR
     |        - bitwise inclusive OR
     &&       - logical AND
     ||       - logical OR

Continue the Shell Scripts Exercises

Control Structures

Script languages make use of programming control structures, such as "if" statements and "loops". Those for C Shell are described below.

if


     if (expr) command [arguments]


     #!/bin/csh
     if ($#argv == 0) echo There are no arguments


     if (-e myfile) echo myfile already exists


     d     - file is a directory 
     e     - file exists 
     f     - file is an ordinary file 
     o     - user owns the file 
     r     - user has read access to the file 
     w     - user has write access to the file 
     x     - user has execute access to the file 
     z     - file is zero bytes long

Continue the Shell Scripts Exercises

if / then / else


     if (expr) then 
        commands 
     else if (expr2) then 
        commands 
     else 
        commands 
     endif


     #!/bin/csh
     if ($#argv == 0) then  
        echo "No number to classify"  
     else if ($#argv > 0) then  
        set number = $argv[1]  
        if ($number < 0) then  
           @ class = 0  
        else if (0 <= $number && $number < 100) then  
           @ class = 1  
        else if (100 <= $number && $number < 200) then  
           @ class = 2  
        else  
           @ class = 3  
        endif
        echo The number $number is in class $class
     endif

Continue the Shell Scripts Exercises

foreach / end

 
     foreach name (wordlist)
         commands
     end


     #!/bin/csh
     foreach color (red orange yellow green blue)
        echo $color
     end

while / end

 
     while (expression)
         commands
     end


     #!/bin/csh
     set word = "anything"
     while ($word != "")
       echo -n "Enter a word to check (Return to exit): "
       set word = $<
       if ($word != "") grep $word /usr/share/dict/words
     end

Continue the Shell Scripts Exercises

break

Used to interrupt the execution of a foreach or while loop. Transfers control to the statement after the end statement, thus terminating the loop. If there are other commands on the same line as a break statement, they will be executed before the break occurs. Multi-level breaks are thus possible by writing them all on one line.

 
     break


     #!/bin/csh
     foreach number (one two three exit four)
       if ($number == exit) then
         echo reached an exit
         break
       endif
       echo $number
     end

continue

Used to interrupt the execution of a foreach or while loop. Transfers control to the end statement, thus continuing the loop. If there are other commands on the same line as a continue statement, they will be executed before the continue occurs.

 
     continue


     #!/bin/csh
     foreach number (one two three exit four)
       if ($number == exit) then
         echo reached an exit
         continue
       endif
       echo $number
     end

goto

The goto statement transfers control to the statement beginning with label:

 
     goto label


     #!/bin/csh
     if ($#argv != 1) goto error1
     if ($argv[1] < 6) goto error2
     goto OK

     error1:
       echo "Invalid - wrong number or no arguments"
       echo "Quitting"
       exit 1

     error2:
       echo "Invalid argument - must be greater than 5"
       echo "Quitting"
       exit 1

     OK:
       echo "Argument = $argv[1]"
       exit 1

switch / case / breaksw / endsw

 
     switch (string)
     case str1:
       commands
       breaksw
     case str2:
       commands
       breaksw
     ...
     default:
       commands
       breaksw
     endsw


     #!/bin/csh
     if ($#argv == 0 ) then
        echo "No arguments supplied...exiting"
        exit 1
     else 
        switch ($argv[1])
        case [yY][eE][sS]:
          echo Argument one is yes.
          breaksw
        case [nN][oO]:
          echo Argument one is no.
          breaksw
        default:
          echo Argument one is neither yes nor no.
          breaksw
        endsw
     endif

Continue the Shell Scripts Exercises

Interrupt handling

The onintr statement transfers control when you interrupt (CTRL-C) the shell script. Control is transferred to the statement beginning with label:
Can be useful for gracefully cleaning up temporary files and exiting a program should it be interrupted.

 
     onintr  label


     #!/bin/csh
     onintr close
     while (1 == 1)
       echo Program is running
       sleep 2
     end

     close:
     echo End of program

Miscellaneous

Miscellaneous tasks for C Shell programming are described below.

Using quotes

allow inclusion of spaces
prevent variable substitution
permit filename generation

allow inclusion of spaces
permit variable substitution
permit filename generation


     #!/bin/csh
     set opt=-l
     set x1='ls $opt'
     echo $x1
     set x2="ls $opt"
     echo $x2

Will produce the output:
     ls $opt
     ls -l


     #!/bin/csh
     set ls1='some files: [a-z]*'
     echo $ls1

     set ls2="some files: [a-z]*"
     echo $ls2

Sample output (identical):
     some files: csh.html images man misc other.materials
     some files: csh.html images man misc other.materials

Storing the output of a command

The shell uses backquotes to obtain the output of the command enclosed within the backquotes. This output can be stored within an array variable. Each element can then be indexed and processed as required.

 
     set variable = `command`


     #!/bin/csh
     set date_fields=`date`
     echo $date_fields
     echo $date_fields[1]
     echo $date_fields[2]
     foreach field(`date`)
       echo $field
     end

Sample output:
     Thu Mar 9 22:25:45 HST 1995
     Thu
     Mar
     Thu
     Mar
     9
     22:25:45
     HST
     1995

Reading user input

Depending on your system, you can use either "$<" or the output of the "head -1" command to read stdin into a variable. Note that if you use the "head -1" command, it must be enclosed in backquotes.
Note: Be careful on making sure that you use "$<" and not "<$". The latter case will usually cause your script to fail.

 
     set variable = $<
          - or -
     set variable = `head -1`


     #!/bin/csh
     echo -n Input your value: 
     set input = $<
     echo You entered: $input

             - or -

     #!/bin/csh
     echo -n Input your value: 
     set input = `head -1`
     echo You entered: $input

This concludes the tutorial. Return to the Table of Contents

LSF

1.To kill all of your pending jobs
bkill `bjobs -u mwang |grep PEND |cut -f1 -d" "`

2.bhosts
The “bhosts” command checks the availability of machines in the LSF cluster. If a host is “ok” then it has one or more job slots available for accepting submitted jobs.

3.bjobs
The “bjobs” command displays the current status of one or more jobs. If used without any options, it displays all of the pending, running or suspended jobs that you own on the cluster. If you want to check the status of a specific job, use “bjobs JobID” where JobID refers to the job’s ID number.

ie:
bjobs
bjobs ID
bjobs -l ID
bjobs –u all ## To get a listing of all the jobs on the cluster

2017年8月24日星期四

Calculate and sort timing for sigma calculation

$index_X = $ARGV[0];
$start_analysis=0; $i=0; $total_slew=0; $total_delay=0;

open(h2,"results.log");
open(h3,"sort.log");
open(XFile,"<$index_X");
while(<XFile>){
chop $_;
@M_DATA=split(" ",$_);
if($start_analysis eq "1"){
@slew[$i]=($M_DATA[2]-$M_DATA[1])*2 ;
@delay[$i]=($M_DATA[4]-$M_DATA[3]) ;
$total_slew=$total_slew+@slew[$i];
$total_delay=$total_delay+@delay[$i];
print h2 "The $i slew is $slew[$i] \n";
print h2 "The $i delay is $delay[$i] \n";
print h2 "The total_slew is $total_slew \n";
print h2 "The $i delay is $total_delay \n";

$i++;

}

if(/^index/){

$start_analysis="1"'}

}

## Sort slew/delay data

@sort_slew=sort {$a <=> $b} @slew;

@sort_delay=sort {$a <=> $b} @delay;

print h3 "print out sort slew data \n";

for ($j=0; $j<=$#sort_slew; $j++) {

print h3 "$sort_slew[$j]\n";

}

print h3 "print out sort delay data \n";

for ($j=0; $j<=$#sort_delay; $j++) {

print h3 "$sort_delay[$j]\n";

}

$average_slew=$total_slew/($i+1);

$average_delay=$total_delay/($i+1);

print h2 "The average slew is $average_slew \n";

print h2 "The average delay is $average_delay \n";

foreach $slewdata (@slew) {

if($slewdata>$average_slew){

$sum_late_slew=$sum_late_slew+(($slewdata-$average_slew)**2);

$late_slew_index++;}

if($slewdata<$average_slew){

$sum_early_slew=$sum_early_slew+(($average_slew-$slewdata)**2);

$early_slew_index++;}

}

print h2 "The late slew index is $late_slew_index \n";

print h2 "The early slew index is $early_slew_index \n";

$slew_late_sigma=sqrt($sum_late_slew/($late_slew_index));

$slew_early_sigma=sqrt($sum_early_slew/($early_slew_index));

print h2 "The late slew sigma is $slew_late_sigma \n";

print h2 "The early slew sigma is $slew_early_sigma \n";

2017年5月25日星期四

計算目錄中檔案數量

find . -type f | wc -l

ls -laR | grep "^-" | awk 'END{print "Number of files: "NR}'

2017年4月6日星期四

將目錄A底下的檔案內容複製到目錄B相對應的檔案中

$dirname1 = "/remote/amscae35/chihwang/TSMC/Eval2017/TSMC_F_reK/control";
$dirname2 = "/remote/amscae35/chihwang/TSMC/Eval2017/testcase/tcbn28hpcplusbwp30p140oppulvt_150a/INST_F";
opendir(DIR, $dirname1) or die "can't opendir $dirname1: $!";
while (defined($file = readdir(DIR))) {
$dut = $dirname1."/".$file;
$target = $dirname2."/".$file;
## print $dut."\n";
open(h1, "<$dut");
open(h2, ">>$target");
while(<h1>){
if($i eq "1"){
print h2 $_;
$i = 0 ;
}

## adding liberty attributes
if(/set_liberty_attribute/){
print h2 $_;
}
## adding slew/load index
if(/from/){
$escape_loop = 1;}
if(/to/){
$escape_loop = 1;}
if($escape_loop eq "0"){
if(/-- explicit_points_load/){
print h2 $_;
$i = 1 ;
}
if(/-- explicit_points_slew/){
print h2 $_;
$i = 1 ;
}}
$escape_loop = 0;
## adding liberty_timing_type
if($save_liberty_timing_type ge "1"){
print h2 $_;
$save_liberty_timing_type = $save_liberty_timing_type - 1 ;
}
if(/create_parameter liberty_timing_type/){
print h2 $_;
$save_liberty_timing_type =4
}
}
}
closedir(DIR);

2017年3月23日星期四

read_lib for all libraries in directory

#! /bin/csh
module load lc
set lib_name=`ls *.lib`
echo $lib_name
foreach name ($lib_name)
echo $name
lc_shell <<!
redirect -tee $name.log {read_lib $name}
quit
!
end

2017年1月31日星期二

Introducing Points of discussion 表達詞語介紹

Introducing visual information:
"let's take a look at" 可用來將注意力吸引到一些視覺資訊上，例如圖表、註記、報告或圖形上。
該詞語後面要接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。
Let's take a look at the figures.
Let's take a look at the report.

Let's take a look at what we've created so far.

Introducing an idea or topic:
"let's consider" 可用來引入或將注意力吸引至某個想法或主題上。它代表 "let's think carefully about ..."（讓我們仔細想想...）之意。
該詞語後面要接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。
Let's consider the issues.

Let's consider what he's saying.
Let's consider John for a promotion.

Introducing something to be reviewed:
"let's go over" 可用來引介特定的事物以供審閱。
該詞語後面要接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。
Let's go over the specifics of the contract.
Let's go over our three main options.
Let's go over the agenda.
Let's go over what we decided at the last meeting.

Introducing something to be analyzed:
這些片語可用來引介需要嚴格審閱的事物。
該詞語後面要接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。
Let's analyze the profit report.
Let's analyze the direct marketing results.
Let's analyze how our product is selling.
Let's evaluate our progress so far.
Let's evaluate the success of our development team.

"let's figure out" 表示 "let's think about something until we find a solution or understand it."（讓我們想想，直到找出解決方案或瞭解為止）之意。
"figure out" 為可分隔的片語動詞，後面可接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。
Let's figure out our expenses for the business trip tomorrow.
Let's figure that out soon.

Reminding the listener of an idea:
這些片語可用來提醒聽者某個想法或意見。
後面可接名詞片語或 ("that") + S + V（或疑問詞子句）。
Let's not forget the reason we're here.
Let's not forget that she's the best designer.
Let's not overlook the possibility of hiring a contractor.
Let's not overlook all the support they've shown us.

完整說明

"let's take a look at" 可用來將注意力吸引到一些視覺資訊上，例如圖表、註記、報告或圖形上。
該詞語後面要接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。

"let's consider" 可用來引入或將注意力吸引至某個想法或主題上。它代表 "let's think carefully about ..."（讓我們仔細想想...）之意。
該詞語後面要接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。

"let's go over" 可用來引介特定的事物以供審閱。
該詞語後面要接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。

這些片語可用來引介需要嚴格審閱的事物。
該詞語後面要接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。

"let's figure out" 表示 "let's think about something until we find a solution or understand it."（讓我們想想，直到找出解決方案或瞭解為止）之意。
"figure out" 為可分隔的片語動詞，後面可接名詞片語或疑問詞子句。

這些片語可用來提醒聽者某個想法或意見。
後面可接名詞片語或 ("that") + S + V（或疑問詞子句）。

2017年1月28日星期六

片語

"stumbling block"（名詞片語）是指一個會阻撓後續進程或目標的問題。
Let's figure out what stumbling blocks we might run into.
Resistance from management might be a stumbling block to an agreement.

"rest assured"（動詞片語）是用來告訴某人某件事是真實的，且不需要煩惱。"rest assured" 後面要加上 ("that") + S + V。"that" 則可有可無。
There is no fog at Heathrow Airport, so we can rest assured that we will land in London on time.
You can rest assured that we want to acquire companies that we can grow.

"track record"（名詞片語）是指某個人或某件事成功或失敗的表現記錄。
We only seek out companies that have an impressive track record.
I'm not sure we should use that airline since it has a pretty bad track record.

"put in writing"（動詞片語）表示將某事正式列入文件中。"put in writing" 要與受詞合用，受詞通常置於 "put" 和 "in writing" 之間。
I'm not sure that we can put any guarantees in writing.
The offer isn't official until they put it in writing.

疑問詞子句

疑問詞子句為名詞子句的一種。名詞子句包含一個主詞及一個動詞，在句子中的作用與單數名詞相同。
Let's ask the secretary where we should go.
The manager told us what to do.
I wish I knew why she left the company.

His story was interesting. --> What he said was interesting.
I don't know the teacher. --> I don't know who she is.

疑問詞子句可為動詞的主詞或受詞。
What he said was interesting. 當主詞
I don't know who she is. 當受詞

下列字詞經常用作疑問詞子句的開頭。
Words used to begin question-word clauses : when, where, why, how, who, what

一般而言，疑問詞子句的句型如下：
疑問詞 + 主詞 + 動詞。
We discussed how the meeting went.
how the meeting went
S V

I don't know who the manager is.
who the manager is
S V

使用疑問詞來形成問句時，助動詞 "do"、"does" 和 "did" 通常直接置於疑問詞後面。
用疑問詞來形成疑問詞子句時，則不要將這些助動詞置於疑問詞後面。
使用疑問詞來形成問句 : What did they announce at the meeting?
用疑問詞來形成疑問詞子句 : What they announced at the meeting surprised everyone.

使用疑問詞來形成問句 : Why do they change the policy every year?
用疑問詞來形成疑問詞子句 : Nobody knows why they change the policy every year.

Question-word clauses with what or who
"what" 或 "who" 可用來作為疑問詞子句的主詞。
當 "what" 或 "who" 作為疑問詞子句的主詞時，會使用下列的句型：
"what/who" + V。
I want to know what happened.
S V
I don't know who is in the office.
S V

例句:
1. Devon: How long has Mark worked in this industry?

Devon wants to know how long Mark has worked in this industry

解釋:上述答案是正確的。疑問詞子句是動詞 know 的受詞。在疑問詞子句中，主詞要置於動詞之前。

2. Devon: When did Mark first come to Japan?
Devon wants to know when Mark first came to Japan

解釋:上述答案是正確的。疑問詞子句是動詞 know 的受詞。在疑問詞子句中，主詞要置於動詞之前。

去掉助動詞動詞時態要改變

3. Devon: Why is Mark interested in this position?
Devon wants to know why Mark is interested in this position

解釋:上述答案是正確的。疑問詞子句是動詞 know 的受詞。在疑問詞子句中，主詞要置於動詞之前。

4. Devon: What are Mark's salary requirements?
Devon wants to know what Mark's salary requirements are解釋:上述答案是正確的。疑問詞子句是動詞 know 的受詞。在疑問詞子句中，主詞要置於動詞之前。

5. Devon: Who told Mark about the position?
Devon wants to know who told Mark about the position解釋:上述答案是正確的。疑問詞子句是動詞 know 的受詞。在疑問詞子句中，主詞要置於動詞之前。

6. Devon: Where did Mark work in Germany?
Devon wants to know where Mark worked in Germany解釋:上述答案是正確的。疑問詞子句是動詞 know 的受詞。在疑問詞子句中，主詞要置於動詞之前。
去掉助動詞動詞時態要改變

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2017年12月11日 星期一

2017年12月6日 星期三

gnuplot script

2017年11月21日 星期二

2017年11月15日 星期三

if

if / then / else

foreach / end

while / end

break

continue

goto

switch / case / breaksw / endsw

Interrupt handling

Using quotes

Storing the output of a command

Reading user input

2017年8月24日 星期四

2017年5月25日 星期四

2017年4月6日 星期四

2017年3月23日 星期四

2017年1月31日 星期二

2017年1月28日 星期六

標籤

2017年12月11日星期一

2017年12月6日星期三

2017年11月21日星期二

2017年11月15日星期三

2017年8月24日星期四

2017年5月25日星期四

2017年4月6日星期四

2017年3月23日星期四

2017年1月31日星期二

2017年1月28日星期六